2023/5/15/ · The livestock husbandry has been rapidly developing in the worldwide, and the annual stocks of chickens, pigs, sheep, and cattle in 2021 were 30.42, 1.43, 1.47, and 1.59 billion heads, respectively (FAO, 2023).Odor emission is one of the serious problems of air pollution worldwide, while animal husbandry is the dominant source (Zhang et al., 2021; Piccardo et al.,